A co-worker of mine has a horse facility where they do cross country jumping. She has a few water jumps and has had to seal them with bentonite. Buys it in a sac, like feed and mixes it with water in a bucket, bit by bit, dumps into the jump pond then leaves it. The leaky area is where the bentonite ends up basically. If the leak is really slow the bentonite might settle out so you could have to continue stirring or something. One time she had to walk horses through regularly to keep it stirred up.
To what use is your pond? I'd not put kitty litters that have many other things like odor control and such in any drinking source.